1.1.1 Numbers

1.1 NUMBERS

(Based on the New Zambian Curriculum 2024/2025)

By: John manda

GENERAL OUTCOME

Learners should be able to classify numbers, perform operations on them, and apply number concepts to real-life situations.

UNIT BREAKDOWN

Sub-topic Specific Competence Expected Standard

1.1.1 Classification of Numbers Apply classification of numbers in real-life context Numbers applied in real-life situations consistently

1.1.2 Combined Operations on Real Numbers Apply combined operations on real numbers in real-life situations Combined operations applied correctly in everyday situations

1.1.3 Factors and Multiples Determine factors and multiples of given numbers Factors and multiples identified accurately

1.1.4 HCF and LCM Find HCF and LCM using different methods HCF and LCM correctly determined

1.1.5 Number Patterns Recognize and extend number patterns Patterns correctly identified and continued.

UNIT INTRODUCTION

Numbers are part of everyday life. We use them to count, measure, label, and compare.

In this unit, learners will explore types of numbers, their properties, operations, and patterns, with an emphasis on real-life applications.

SUB-TOPIC 1.1.1: CLASSIFICATION OF NUMBERS

Learning Outcomes

By the end of this lesson, learners should be able to:

Identify and define different types of numbers.

Classify numbers according to their properties.

Apply classification in real-life contexts.

Lesson Notes

Type of Number Description Examples

Natural Numbers Counting numbers starting from 1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …

Whole Numbers Natural numbers including zero 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …

Integers Whole numbers and their negatives …, −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, …

Even Numbers Divisible by 2 −4, −2, 0, 2, 4, 6, …

Odd Numbers Not divisible by 2 −3, −1, 1, 3, 5, …

Prime Numbers Have only two factors (1 and itself) 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, …

Composite Numbers Have more than two factors 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, …

Rational Numbers Can be expressed as a fraction a/b where b ≠ 0 ½, 0.25, −¾

Irrational Numbers Cannot be expressed as a/b √2, π, √3

Real Numbers All rational and irrational numbers −3, ½, √2, π

Worked Example

Example 1:

Classify each of the following numbers:

−2, 0, 3, ½, √2

Solution:

−2 → Integer, even, rational

0 → Whole number, even

3 → Natural, odd, prime, integer

½ → Rational

√2 → Irrational

Exercise 1

Classify each of the following numbers:

1. 7

2. 0

3. −5

4. ¾

5. √5

6. 10

7. 13

8. 25